Nicosia Travel Guide: Best Things to Do in the World’s Last Divided Capital
Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus, is the last divided capital city in the World. Split between the Greek-Cypriot south and the Turkish-controlled north, this city offers a unique experience that you can’t find anywhere else on Earth.
For travelers, this remarkable divide offers the rare chance to experience two cultures, two histories and two very different atmospheres within a single city.
Crossing the border in Nicosia is straightforward and unforgettable, offering the unique opportunity to explore Northern Nicosia. That area is vibrant and very rich in History and culture. From Ottoman-era landmarks and lively markets to quiet courtyards and traditional Turkish-Cypriot cafés, this side of the city will make you feel like you’ve arrived in Turkey.
In this guide, you’ll find everything you need to know about how to cross the border in Nicosia and the best things to do once you’re on the northern side of the World’s last divided capital.
Why is Nicosia Divided?
Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus, holds the unique title of being the last divided capital city in the World. This division dates back to 1974, following a coup backed by Greece, which prompted Turkey’s invasion of the northern part of the island. As a result, Nicosia was split into two distinct regions.
The southern part of the city is controlled by the Greek Cypriots and the northern part is governed by the Turkish Cypriots. Between those two areas, there is the “Green Line”: a demilitarized zone maintained by the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus.
While the Green Line serves as a peacekeeping buffer, it’s also a symbol of Cyprus’s complex History. Interestingly, it’s not just a border—it’s a living relic of the island’s divided past. The zone stretches for about 180 kilometers across the island, dividing not only Nicosia but also other towns and villages. It’s a remarkable reminder of the ongoing efforts for peace and reconciliation.
One of the most fascinating aspects of the Green Line is how it has preserved certain historical areas. For example, the abandoned district of Varosha in Famagusta was once a bustling tourist hotspot but has been frozen in time since 1974. These “ghost zones” provide a rare glimpse into what life was like before the division.
Since 2003, the Green Line has seen increased freedom of movement between the two sides, thanks to the opening of several checkpoints. This shift has allowed people to reconnect with long-lost family members and has given tourists the chance to walk through a city where two Worlds meet.
How to Cross the Border in Nicosia: A Practical Guide
Crossing the Green Line in Nicosia is one of the most unique experiences you can have in Cyprus. This demilitarized zone divides the capital into two distinct regions: the Greek Cypriot south and the Turkish Cypriot north.
Whether you’re visiting Nicosia for its History, culture or to explore both sides of the city, crossing the Green Line is a must.
Here’s everything you need to know to make the process simple and straightforward.
Nicosia Border Crossing Points: Where Can You Cross the Green Line?
In order to cross the Green Line, you need to go to a checkpoint. There are several checkpoints where you can cross from the Greek to the Turkish side (or vice versa) in Nicosia. Some of the main border crossings are:
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Ledra Street Checkpoint: Located in the heart of Nicosia, this is the most popular pedestrian crossing point for tourists.
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Ledra Palace Checkpoint: This checkpoint is convenient for travelers near the Ledra Palace Hotel and it’s also accessible for vehicles.
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Metehan (Agios Dometios) Checkpoint: This checkpoint is primarily used for vehicles and connects the northern and southern parts of Cyprus.
I crossed at Ledra Street Checkpoint and had a smooth experience
Documents Required to Cross the Green Line in Nicosia
Crossing the Green Line is fairly simple, but you’ll need to have a few things on hand to ensure a smooth process:
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Passport or ID: You must present either your passport or national ID card to cross the border. EU citizens can use their national ID cards, while non-EU citizens must show their passport.
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Visa (if applicable): Depending on your nationality, you may need a visa to enter the Turkish side. Many visitors can get a visa on arrival at the checkpoint, but it’s always best to verify this before you travel. As a portuguese citizen, I didn’t need a visa to enter.
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No customs declarations required: There are generally no customs declarations for tourists. But be aware of restricted goods like large quantities of alcohol or tobacco, particularly when crossing into the Turkish Cypriot area.
What to Expect at the Checkpoints
Crossing the border between the Greek and Turkish sides of Cyprus is usually quick and easy. The whole process took me just a few minutes and there were no questions asked. Here’s what to expect:
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Security Checks: Expect a quick passport check. Border guards could ask a few basic questions and inspect your passport, but in my experience they just scanned it and let me in.
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Customs Inspection: You won’t need to declare goods unless you are carrying large quantities of certain items (for example alcohol or tobacco).
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Stamp or Paper Slip: Depending on the checkpoint, some travelers receive a passport stamp or a small slip of paper with their entry details when crossing the Green Line in Nicosia. Personally, I was hoping for a stamp—I love looking at my passport and reminiscing about past trips—but no luck. The border guard just scanned it electronically and that was it. No cute stamp to mark the moment!
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Time to Cross: Crossing is typically quick, usually taking 5-10 minutes, but it may take longer during peak hours (for example on weekends or holidays).
Crossing the border to the Turkish side of Nicosia was such a unique experience
Exploring North Nicosia: What to See and Do on the Turkish Side
When you arrive at the Turkish side of Nicosia, it will feel like coming to a different country. That’s the unique thing about Nicosia: the UN buffer zone separates two very distinct areas of the capital city.
Suddenly you will see that the prices are in turkish lira, there are turkish dishes on the menus and everything is written in turkish.
The architecture is also very different on that side of the city. The mosques, the local markets and the traditional turkish coffeeshops make for a very interesting day of exploring the World’s last divided city!
Here is a list of the best things to do on the turkish side of Nicosia 👇🏽
📍 Visit the Büyük Han
Büyük Han is one of the most iconic landmarks in North Nicosia and a must-visit for anyone crossing into the Turkish Cypriot side of the city.
Built in 1572 during Ottoman rule, this beautifully restored caravanserai used to be an inn. In the past, it was used by merchants traveling along ancient trade routes. Today, it’s a vibrant cultural hub filled with local artisan shops, traditional handicrafts, art galleries and cozy cafés where you can take a break and enjoy the historical atmosphere.
Büyük Han is one of the best places to visit in Nicosia
Visitors can relax in the peaceful courtyard, sip on Turkish coffee and soak in the rich History of this atmospheric setting.
Whether you’re interested in Ottoman architecture, local art or simply looking for a quiet place to unwind, Büyük Han offers a unique glimpse into the cultural heart of North Nicosia.
📍 Visit the Kumarcılar Han
Kumarcılar Han, also known as the Gamblers’ Inn, is such a hidden gem in North Nicosia.
Just a short walk from the more famous Büyük Han, this smaller Ottoman-era inn dates back to the 17th century. It has been beautifully restored and now serves as a charming spot for visitors to explore.
Inside, you’ll find a selection of local craft shops, artisan stalls and quaint cafés offering Turkish coffee and traditional sweets. Even though it’s quieter than Büyük Han, Kumarcılar Han offers an equally authentic experience and a more intimate look at Cypriot History and culture.
It’s the perfect stop for travelers seeking unique souvenirs, historic architecture, and a relaxed, local atmosphere in the heart of North Nicosia.
Kumarcılar Han is such a relaxing place to visit in Nicosia
📍 See the Venetian Column
The Venetian Column is a historical monument located in Atatürk Square, right in the heart of North Nicosia.
Originally erected by the Venetians in the 16th century, this stone column once stood in Salamis before being relocated to Nicosia as a symbol of Venetian power. Topped with a globe, the column is made of granite and features the coats of arms of prominent Venetian families.
Today, it stands as a silent witness to the city’s layered past—from Venetian rule to Ottoman and British influence. A quick stop here offers a great photo opportunity and a moment to reflect on the diverse History that shapes Nicosia’s old town.
Grab a freshly made döner kebab from a nearby street vendor and enjoy it on a bench facing the column. It’s a simple, delicious way to soak up the atmosphere and feel like a local while surrounded by centuries of history.
Take a moment to relax and eat local food with a view to this historical column
📍 Visit the Kyrenia Gate
This gate is one of the most iconic landmarks in North Nicosia, offering visitors a glimpse into Nicosia’s rich Venetian and Ottoman past.
Built in 1567 by the Venetians as part of the city’s fortifications, the Kyrenia gate once served as the main northern entrance to the walled city. During Ottoman rule, it was restored and topped with a small domed watch post that still stands today.
Today, the Kyrenia Gate houses a visitor information center and it’s an important landmark for tourists exploring the Turkish side of Nicosia. With its well-preserved stonework and strategic location near the Venetian walls, it’s a great photo spot and a must-see for travelers interested in Cyprus’s military architecture and colonial history.
Kyrenia Gate is one of the best places to visit in Nicosia
🏡 Walk around the Arabahmet Quarter
Tucked away behind the Venetian walls, the Arabahmet Quarter is one of the most charming and historic neighborhoods in North Nicosia.
As I wandered through its quiet streets, I found myself surrounded by beautiful whitewashed Ottoman-era houses, many with wooden shutters and the distinctive bay windows known as cumbas.
There’s something peaceful about this part of the city—it feels untouched by time.
The Arabahmet Quarter was one of my favorite places in the Turkish side of Nicosia
I loved seeing locals sitting outside and kids playing around. It’s the perfect place to get a glimpe of the daily life of local people living in the Turkish side of Nicosia.
Some of the homes still bear Armenian crosses carved above the doors, a subtle reminder of the district’s multicultural past. If you’re looking for a more authentic side of North Nicosia, far from the tourist crowds, Arabahmet Quarter is where the city truly breathes.
The Arabahmet Quarter is the perfect place to see how local people live in Northern Nicosia
🕌 Admire the Selimiye mosque
The Selimiye Mosque in North Nicosia is a must-see landmark, even if it’s temporarily closed for renovations.
Originally built as the Hagia Sophia Cathedral in 1326, it was converted into a mosque in 1571 after the Ottoman conquest. This Gothic-style building is the largest mosque in Cyprus, with a capacity of up to 2,500 people.
The unique architecture of this mosque blends Christian and Islamic elements, featuring Roman columns and intricate stone carvings. It’s located in the heart of the old city, surrounded by lively streets and local cafés.
While the interior is currently closed for restoration, visitors can still admire the impressive exterior and the surrounding area. It’s a perfect spot for photography and to appreciate the blend of architectural styles that tell the story of Nicosia’s diverse past.
Admiring this mosque is one of the best things to do in Nicosia
🍉 Explore the Bandabuliya Market
The Bandabuliya Municipal Market, also known as Ağoɾa Ayıou Antonıou, is a historic covered market located in the heart of North Nicosia.
Established between 1930 and 1932 during the British colonial era, the market has served as a central hub for local trade and commerce ever since. Over the years, it has undergone several renovations to preserve its architectural heritage and adapt to modern needs.
Today, Bandabuliya remains a vibrant space where visitors can experience the rich cultural tapestry of the region. The market houses a variety of stalls offering fresh produce, meats, spices and traditional Cypriot products.
There are so many turkish products to buy at this local market
It also hosts art exhibitions and cultural events, making this market a dynamic center for community engagement and a very interesting place for tourists to visit. Its strategic location near key historical sites makes it a must-visit for those exploring the multifaceted History of Nicosia.
Visiting the Bandabuliya Municipal Market feels like stepping into Turkey while in Cyprus
Exploring North Nicosia offers a rare chance to step into a living piece of History. From wandering the atmospheric streets of the Arabahmet Quarter to sipping Turkish coffee in the courtyard of Büyük Han, every corner tells a story.
Whether you’re drawn to historic landmarks like the Selimiye Mosque and Kyrenia Gate, or prefer browsing local markets like Bandabuliya, the Turkish Cypriot side of Nicosia is full of authentic experiences. It’s quieter and less commercial than the south, but that’s exactly what makes it special. If you’re crossing the Green Line, take your time—North Nicosia rewards slow travel and curious minds.
Where to Stay in Nicosia: Best Areas and Hotel Tips
If you don’t have much time to spend there, you can find great day tours from Paphos to Nicosia. I would say that one day in Nicosia is more than enough to experience the divided city and get a taste of Northern Cyprus.
But if you’re planning a longer stay, Nicosia offers a variety of accommodations that cater to different budgets, travel styles and interests. Since the city is divided, where you stay will shape your experience—so here’s a quick guide to help you choose the best base for exploring both sides of the capital.
Best Areas to Stay in Nicosia
1. South Nicosia (Greek Cypriot Side)
The southern part of the city, officially part of the Republic of Cyprus, is more developed for tourism. You’ll find a wide range of hotels, from boutique guesthouses in the old town to modern business hotels.
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Lefkosia Old Town: Ideal for travelers who want to stay within the historic Venetian walls. It’s close to top attractions like Ledra Street, the Leventis Museum and great local tavernas.
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City Center/Commercial District: Great for convenience, especially if you’re combining business with leisure. You’ll find more upscale hotels here, like The Classic Hotel or MAP Boutique Hotel.
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Agioi Omologites or Engomi: Quieter residential areas with budget-friendly options and easy access to both the city center and embassies. I stayed at NEX Hostel because it was one of the cheapest options and they have great reviews. It wasn’t the best hostel ever but they have a cool terrace and the beds are comfortable.
2. North Nicosia (Turkish Cypriot Side)
The northern part is less commercialized but offers a more local and authentic vibe. Accommodation options are more limited but charming and prices are generally lower.
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Near Büyük Han & Selimiye Mosque: Staying in this area puts you close to the main attractions of North Nicosia, with small guesthouses and boutique hotels offering traditional Cypriot hospitality.
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Lefkoşa City Center: A good mix of local life and accessibility, with a few modern stays and restaurants within walking distance.
Visiting Nicosia, the last divided capital in Europe, is unlike any other travel experience in Cyprus. Whether you’re crossing the Green Line to explore the contrasts between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot sides, wandering through ancient streets or sipping coffee in a centuries-old caravanserai, Nicosia is the perfect place to slow down and look deeper into a unique place. It’s a city where past and present live side by side. If you’re planning a trip to Cyprus, don’t skip this fascinating capital!
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